Ubuyobozi bukuru bwa gasutamo mu Bushinwa bwashyizeho uburyo bune bwihariye bwo kugenzura ibicuruzwa byinjira mu mahanga byambukiranya imipaka ku bicuruzwa byinjira mu mahanga, aribyo: kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga (9610), imiyoboro y’ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka B2B yohereza mu mahanga (9710), imipaka y e -ubucuruzi bwohereza ibicuruzwa hanze mububiko (9810), hamwe na e-ubucuruzi bwohereza ibicuruzwa hanze (1210). Ni ibihe bintu biranga ubu buryo bune? Nigute imishinga ihitamo?
No.1, 9610: Kohereza amabaruwa mu buryo butaziguye
“9610 ″ uburyo bwo kugenzura gasutamo, izina ryuzuye rya“ ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka e-ubucuruzi ”, bwitwa“ e-ubucuruzi ”, ubusanzwe buzwi ku izina rya“ kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga ”cyangwa“ ibicuruzwa byizana ”, bikoreshwa ku bantu bo mu rugo cyangwa Imishinga ya e-ubucuruzi ibinyujije kumurongo wubucuruzi bwa e-ubucuruzi kugirango igere kubikorwa, kandi ifate uburyo "bwo kugenzura urutonde, imenyekanisha ryincamake" uburyo bwo gutumiza gasutamo ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga n'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga.
Muburyo bwa "9610 ″, imishinga ya e-ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka cyangwa abakozi bayo hamwe ninganda zikora ibikoresho byohereza" amakuru atatu "(amakuru y'ibicuruzwa, amakuru y'ibikoresho, amakuru yo kwishyura) kuri gasutamo mugihe nyacyo binyuze muri" idirishya rimwe "cyangwa imbuga za e-ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka kuri serivise ya gasutamo, kandi gasutamo ifata uburyo bwo "kugenzura no kurekura, kumenyekanisha incamake" uburyo bwo gukuraho gasutamo, kandi bugatanga icyemezo cyo gusubizwa imisoro ku kigo. Tuzakemura ikibazo cyo kugabanyirizwa imisoro yoherezwa mu mahanga. Nyuma yo gutangirwa gasutamo, ibicuruzwa byoherezwa hanze yigihugu hakoreshejwe iposita cyangwa ikirere.
Mu rwego rwo koroshya imenyekanisha, Ubuyobozi bukuru bwa gasutamo buteganya ko kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga byambukiranya imipaka byambukiranya imipaka bitagizwe n’imisoro yoherezwa mu mahanga, imisoro yoherezwa mu mahanga, imicungire y’uruhushya n’ibicuruzwa bya e-B2C bifite agaciro k’itike imwe munsi ya 5.000 yuan, ukoresheje "urutonde rwasohotse, imibare yincamake" uburyo bwo gutumiza gasutamo. Ku bijyanye no gusubizwa imisoro yoherezwa mu mahanga, agace rusange gafite itike yo gusubizwa itike, kandi ahantu hose hapimirwa nta musoro w'itike usonewe; Ku bijyanye n’imisoro yinjira mu bigo, akarere k’icyitegererezo kemeje ikusanyirizo ry’imisoro yinjira mu bigo, igipimo cy’imisoro gisoreshwa ni 4%.
Icyitegererezo "9610 ″ gitangwa mubipaki bito no mubipaki kugiti cye, bigatuma imishinga yubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka yambukiranya imipaka itwara ibicuruzwa biva mu gihugu kugeza kubaguzi babinyujije mumahanga binyuze mubindi bitanga ibikoresho, bifite aho bihurira, igihe cyihuse, igiciro gito, cyoroshye kandi cyoroshye kandi ibindi biranga. Ugereranije na 9810, 9710 hamwe nubundi buryo bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, 9610 irakwiriye cyane kohereza ibicuruzwa byambukiranya imipaka ya e-ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka muburyo buto bwohereza ubutumwa muburyo bwigihe.
OYA.2,9710 & 9810
“9710 ″ uburyo bwo kugenzura gasutamo, izina ryuzuye rya“ imipaka y’ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka ku bucuruzi no kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga ”, byitwa“ imipaka y’ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka B2B yohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga ”, bivuga ibigo by’imbere mu gihugu binyuze mu kwambuka- Imipaka ya e-ubucuruzi ku mipaka n’ibigo byo mu mahanga kugira ngo bigere ku bucuruzi, binyuze mu bikoresho byambukiranya imipaka kugira ngo byohereze ibicuruzwa mu mahanga mu mahanga, ndetse no kohereza gasutamo uburyo bwa elegitoroniki bukoreshwa. Bikunze gukoreshwa mubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka ya e-ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka bukoresha uburyo bwubucuruzi nka Sitasiyo mpuzamahanga ya Alibaba.
“9810 method uburyo bwo kugenzura gasutamo, izina ryuzuye ry '“ imipaka y’ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka ku bicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga ”, byitwa“ ububiko bw’ibicuruzwa byinjira mu mahanga byinjira mu mahanga ”, bivuga ibigo by’imbere mu gihugu byohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga byambukiranya imipaka; ibikoresho byo mu bubiko bwo mu mahanga, binyuze mu mbuga za e-ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka kugira ngo ugere ku bucuruzi buva mu bubiko bwo hanze bugera ku muguzi, busanzwe mu gukoresha icyitegererezo cya FBA cyangwa imishinga yohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga.
"9810 ″ yemeza" itegeko ntirishyirwaho, ibicuruzwa mbere ", bishobora kugabanya igihe cyo gutanga ibikoresho, kunoza itangwa na nyuma yo kugurisha ibicuruzwa byambukiranya imipaka yambukiranya imipaka, kandi bikagabanya umuvuduko wibyangiritse no gutakaza paki; Uburyo bwa logistique busanzwe bushingiye ku bwikorezi bwo mu nyanja, buzigama neza ibiciro; Kugabanya cyane igihe cyibikoresho bishobora kugabanya amakimbirane yatewe nigihe kinini cyo gutanga ibikoresho namakuru ataragera.
Kuri gasutamo ahakorerwa ibizamini byuzuye, ibigo birashobora gutangaza urutonde rwujuje ibyangombwa 9710 na 9810, kandi birashobora gusaba kumenyekanisha byoroheje hakurikijwe imibare 6 ya HS kugirango bigabanye uburyo bwo kumenyekanisha ibicuruzwa byambukiranya imipaka byinjira mu mahanga. . Ibicuruzwa byambukiranya imipaka B2B ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga nabyo birashobora kugurishwa hakurikijwe ubwoko bwa “e-ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka”. Ibigo birashobora guhitamo uburyo bwo gutwara ibicuruzwa hamwe nigihe gikwiye kandi bigahuza neza ukurikije imiterere yabyo, kandi bikishimira kugenzurwa mbere.
Kuva muri Nyakanga 2020, icyitegererezo cya “9710 ″ na“ 9810 ″ ”cyageragejwe, kandi icyiciro cya mbere cy’imirimo y’icyitegererezo cyakorewe mu biro 10 bya gasutamo i Beijing, Tianjin, Nanjing, Hangzhou na Ningbo. Muri Nzeri, Gasutamo yongeyeho 12 mu buryo butaziguye ku buyobozi bwa Shanghai, Fuzhou, Qingdao, Chongqing, Chengdu, Xi 'an n'indi gasutamo kugira ngo ikore imishinga y'icyitegererezo.
Kurugero, gasutamo ya Shanghai yatangije kumugaragaro umuderevu w’ibicuruzwa byambukiranya imipaka B2B yohereza ibicuruzwa hanze ku ya 1 Nzeri 2020. Mu gitondo cy’uwo munsi, Yida Cross-border (Shanghai) Logistics Co., Ltd. yatangaje ko “umusaraba wa mbere -umupaka e-ubucuruzi B2B yohereza ibicuruzwa "ibicuruzwa muri gasutamo ya Shanghai binyuze muri" idirishya rimwe ", kandi gasutamo yarekuye ibicuruzwa muminota 5 nyuma yamakuru ahujwe neza. Irekurwa ry’iri teka ryerekana ko hatangijwe ku mugaragaro umuderevu w’amabwiriza agenga gasutamo ya Shanghai, akarushaho kunoza ubucuruzi bw’ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka ndetse no kuzamura urwego rwa serivisi yo kugenzura ibyambu.
Ku ya 28 Gashyantare 2023, ku nkunga no kuyoborwa na komisiyo ishinzwe ubucuruzi n’umujyi wa Shanghai na gasutamo ya Shanghai, hamwe n’isohoka ryavuye mu Buyapani bwa Yida Cross-border (Shanghai) Logistics Co., LTD., Shanghai ya mbere yambukiranya imipaka. e-ubucuruzi 9710 inzira yo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze nayo yanyuze kumugaragaro, kandi icyambu cya Shanghai cyafunguye urugendo rushya rwubucuruzi bunini bwambukiranya imipaka y’ubucuruzi “kugurisha isi”!
No.3, 1210: E-ubucuruzi bwahujwe
“1210 ″ uburyo bwo kugenzura gasutamo, izina ryuzuye ry '“ imipaka y’ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka e-ubucuruzi ”, byitwa“ ubucuruzi bwa e-ubucuruzi ”, inganda zikunze kwitwa“ uburyo bw’imigabane ”, bukoreshwa ku bantu bo mu rugo cyangwa e- Ibigo byubucuruzi murwego rwa e-ubucuruzi byemejwe na gasutamo kugirango bigere ku mipaka yambukiranya imipaka, kandi binyuze mu bice by’ubugenzuzi bwihariye bwa gasutamo cyangwa ahantu hagenzurwa n’ubucuruzi bw’ibicuruzwa bya e-bicuruzwa byinjira n’ibisohoka.
Kurugero, ukurikije ibyateganijwe ku isoko ryo hanze, ibigo byimbere mu gihugu bizabika ibicuruzwa mbere mububiko bwahujwe, hanyuma bishyire kumurongo wa e-ubucuruzi bwo kugurisha no kohereza hanze mubice. Ubu bwoko bwamatsinda, asezerana amasezerano, arashobora kugabanya umuvuduko wimikorere yinganda zibyara umusaruro, cyane cyane bikwiranye n’inganda zo "kugurisha isi" ibicuruzwa bya e-bucuruzi.
Uburyo bwa “1210 ″ burashobora kugabanywa muburyo bubiri: ibicuruzwa byoherejwe mu karere bidasanzwe byoherezwa mu mahanga hamwe n’ubucuruzi bwihariye bwohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga mu mahanga. Itandukaniro ni uko nyuma yuko aba nyuma bamenyesheje ibicuruzwa mu gace kihariye kagenzurwa na gasutamo kuva mu gihugu, ibicuruzwa byabanje kujyanwa mu bubiko bw’amahanga binyuze mu bikoresho mpuzamahanga, hanyuma bikajyanwa mu bubiko bw’amahanga ku baguzi ku giti cyabo bo mu mahanga. Iki kibazo gikunze kugaragara mubacuruzi bakoresha ibikoresho bya Amazone FBA cyangwa uburyo bwabo bwo kubika ububiko hanze.
Kuberako 1210 ishyirwa mubikorwa bidasanzwe, hari ibyiza bimwe ubundi buryo bwo kugenzura budashobora kugereranya. Harimo:
Garuka: Ugereranije nububiko bwo hanze bwashyizweho mumahanga, moderi 1210 yohereza ibicuruzwa hanze izabika ibicuruzwa bya e-bucuruzi mububiko bwakarere karinzwe kandi ikakira kandi ikohereza, bishobora gukemura neza ikibazo cy "hanze, bigoye gutaha" ya e -ibicuruzwa. Ibicuruzwa birashobora gusubizwa mukarere kahujwe kugirango byongere bisukure, kubitunganya, kubipakira no kubigurisha, mugihe ububiko bwo murugo hamwe nakazi bihendutse. Ifite ibyiza bigaragara mukugabanya ibiciro bya logistique, kunoza imikorere ya logistique no kwirinda ingaruka zubucuruzi.
Gura isi yose, kugurisha isi yose: ibicuruzwa byaguzwe mumahanga na e-ubucuruzi birashobora kubikwa mugace kahujwe, hanyuma ibicuruzwa birashobora koherezwa kubakiriya bo murugo ndetse nabanyamahanga nyuma yo gutangirwa gasutamo muburyo bwo gupakira ukurikije ibisabwa, bikagabanya ikibazo cyo gukuraho gasutamo. , kugabanya imirimo shoramari, kwihutisha imikorere ya pallet, no kugabanya ingaruka nibiciro.
Imenyekanisha rya gasutamo: 1210 uburyo bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu bucuruzi bwa e-bucuruzi mbere yo kwinjira mu karere k’uburinzi bwuzuye bwarangije kugenzura imenyekanisha ry’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga n’ubundi buryo bwuzuye bijyanye n’amategeko mpuzamahanga y’ubucuruzi, kugira ngo birusheho kurinda iyubahirizwa ry’ibigo, byongere icyizere cy’ibigo kujya mu nyanja, biteganijwe ko bizateza imbere imipaka mpuzamahanga yemewe na e-ubucuruzi bwohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga no kwemeza sisitemu yo kubaka.
Imenyekanisha ryo gusubizwa imisoro: "1210 ″ uburyo bwibicuruzwa bishobora gutumizwa mu mahanga no kurekurwa mu byiciro, kandi birashobora no kugabanywamo ibice, bigateza imbere umuvuduko w’itangwa ry’ibigo by’ubucuruzi bya e-bucuruzi, bikagabanya ingaruka z’ibarura ry’amahanga, imipaka y’ibicuruzwa bito byambukiranya imipaka; irashobora kandi gusubizwa imisoro, inzira yo gusubizwa imisoro iroroshye, inzinguzingo ngufi, imikorere myiza, kugabanya ibikorwa byimari shoramari yibikorwa, kugabanya igihe cyo gusubizwa imisoro, no kongera inyungu mubucuruzi.
Icyakora, twakagombye kumenya ko icyitegererezo cya 1210 gisaba ibicuruzwa gusohoka mukarere kegeranye, kurangiza kugurisha, no kwishyura amafaranga y’ivunjisha, ni ukuvuga ibicuruzwa byose kugirango urangize ibicuruzwa byafunzwe, uruganda rushobora gufata amakuru yo gusaba gusubizwa imisoro.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-05-2024