Wibande ku imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga rya gatandatu ry’Ubushinwa

Imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga rya gatandatu ry’Ubushinwa (aha ni ukuvuga “CIIE”) rizabera mu kigo cy’igihugu cy’imurikagurisha n’imurikagurisha (Shanghai) kuva ku ya 5 kugeza ku ya 10 Ugushyingo 2023, gifite insanganyamatsiko igira iti “Era Nshya, ejo hazaza”. Ibigo birenga 70% by’amahanga bizongera imiterere y’urwego rw’itangwa ry’Ubushinwa, kandi binonosore uburyo bwogukoresha uburyo bwo gutanga amasoko nka gahunda yabo y'ibanze.

Ni muri urwo rwego, “Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu mahanga Reba Ubushinwa 2023 ″ raporo y’ubushakashatsi yagenewe umwihariko wa CIIE yashyizwe ahagaragara na HSBC iherutse kwerekana ko, bitewe n’ubukungu bw’Ubushinwa nyuma y’icyorezo, abarenga 80% (87%) by’ibigo byo mu mahanga babajijwe bavuze ko bari kwagura imishinga yabo mubushinwa. Ibyiza by’inganda mu Bushinwa, ingano y’isoko ry’abaguzi n’amahirwe mu rwego rw’ubukungu bwa digitale n’iterambere rirambye nizo mbaraga nyamukuru zitera abashoramari bo mu mahanga kongera imiterere yabo.
Ubushakashatsi bwakorewe mu masosiyete arenga 3.300 mu masoko 16 akomeye, akubiyemo ubukungu bukomeye ku isi, harimo n’ubu bukorera ku isoko ry’Ubushinwa cyangwa ateganya kubikora.
Ubushakashatsi bugaragaza kandi ko ibigo byo mu mahanga bifata urwego rwo gutanga amasoko, ikoranabuhanga no guhanga udushya, hamwe n’ubushobozi bwa sisitemu hamwe n’urubuga nk’ibintu bitatu bya mbere by’ishoramari mu isoko ry’Ubushinwa mu mwaka utaha. Byongeye kandi, gufungura imirongo mishya y'ibicuruzwa cyangwa kuzamura imirongo y'ibicuruzwa bihari, kuzamura iterambere rirambye muri rusange, no guha akazi no kuzamura ubumenyi bw'abakozi nabyo ni igice cy'ishoramari.
Ni muri urwo rwego, Yunfeng Wang, Perezida akaba n’Umuyobozi mukuru wa Banki ya HSBC (Ubushinwa) Limited, yagize ati: “Mu bukungu bw’isi kandi butajegajega, ubukungu bw’ifaranga ryinshi, izamuka ridakabije ndetse n’ingaruka z’itangwa ry’ibicuruzwa bikomeje guhangayikishwa n’amasosiyete yo mu mahanga. Gukomeza kuzamuka mu bukungu bw’Ubushinwa, isoko ryayo rinini hamwe n’uruhererekane rw’ibicuruzwa hamwe n’izindi nyungu z’ibanze bituma isoko ry’Ubushinwa rikomeza gukurura ibitekerezo by’inganda ku isi. Mu bihe biri imbere, hamwe n’iterambere rikomeje gutera imbere mu bukungu bw’ubukungu bw’Ubushinwa, cyane cyane imbaraga nyinshi z’inganda nshya z’ubukungu n’inzibacyuho ya karubone nkeya, amasosiyete menshi ku isi azungukira ku mahirwe yo kuzamuka ku isoko ry’Ubushinwa. ”

Ibice birenga 70% byamasosiyete yamahanga azongera imiterere yuhererekanyabubasha mu Bushinwa.

Raporo y’ubushakashatsi bwa HSBC yerekana ko Ubushinwa bugifite umwanya w’ibanze mu rwego rwo gutanga amasoko ku isi, kandi ibigo byinshi byo mu mahanga byakoreweho ubushakashatsi byerekana imyifatire myiza yo kwagura imiterere y’itangwa ry’Ubushinwa.
Raporo y’ubushakashatsi yerekana kandi ko ibice birenga 70% (73%) by’ibigo byakoreweho ubushakashatsi biteze ko byongera uburyo bwo gutanga amasoko mu Bushinwa mu myaka itatu iri imbere, aho kimwe cya kane cy’ibigo biteze kwiyongera ku buryo bugaragara. Amasosiyete yo mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba bwa Aziya ashishikajwe no kongera urunigi rw’ibicuruzwa mu Bushinwa, cyane cyane ibyo muri Indoneziya (92%), Vietnam (89%) na Philippines (87%).
Nk’uko iyi raporo ibigaragaza, amasosiyete akora inganda agira uruhare runini mu kwagura isoko ry’ibicuruzwa mu Bushinwa, aho hafi bitatu bya kane (74%) bateganya kongera umubare w’ibicuruzwa byabo mu Bushinwa mu myaka itatu iri imbere, umubare munini w’ababajijwe muri inganda y'ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa (86%). Byongeye kandi, serivisi, ubucukuzi bwa peteroli na peteroli, ubwubatsi, n’ubucuruzi bw’ibicuruzwa n’ibicuruzwa nabyo byagaragaje gahunda.
Nubwo kongera urwego rw’ibicuruzwa bitangwa n’Ubushinwa, inganda zo mu mahanga zavuze ko zizakomeza kunoza imicungire y’itangwa ry’amasoko mu myaka itatu iri imbere, muri yo hakaba harimo uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza uburyo bwo gutanga amasoko ari gahunda yabo y'ibanze.

Inganda zicyatsi zashimishije imishinga yo hanze
Iterambere ryihuse ry’inganda z’icyatsi mu Bushinwa mu myaka yashize naryo ryashimishije ibigo by’amahanga.
Nk’uko amakuru rusange abitangaza, inganda z’icyatsi zerekeza ku gukoresha cyane ikoranabuhanga ry’umusaruro usukuye, gukoresha inzira nshya zitagira ingaruka cyangwa zangiza cyane, ikoranabuhanga rishya, kugabanya cyane ibikoresho fatizo n’ikoreshwa ry’ingufu, kugira ngo bitange umusaruro muke, umusaruro mwinshi, umwanda muke, ibishoboka byose kugira ngo ikureho imyuka ihumanya ibidukikije mu musaruro w’inganda.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na HSBC bugaragaza ko ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu (42%), ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi (41%) n’ibicuruzwa bizigama ingufu (40%) nizo nzego zifite amahirwe menshi yo kuzamuka mu Bushinwa mu cyatsi kibisi na karuboni nkeya. Amasosiyete y’Abafaransa niyo atotezwa cyane mu gucunga imyanda irambye no gutwara abantu neza.
Usibye kuba bafite icyizere ku nganda z’ibidukikije mu Bushinwa, ibigo byakoreweho ubushakashatsi binateza imbere iterambere rirambye ry’ibikorwa by’Ubushinwa. Kurenga kimwe cya kabiri (55%) byababajijwe barateganya gutanga ibicuruzwa bibisi, karuboni nkeya ku isoko ryUbushinwa, naho hafi kimwe cya kabiri barateganya kuzamura ingufu no kugabanya imyuka y’ibicuruzwa byabo cyangwa inyubako z’ibiro (49%) cyangwa kuzamura iterambere rirambye. y'ibikorwa byabo (48%).
Ku bijyanye n'ubwoko bw'ibicuruzwa bibisi na karuboni nkeya byatangwa mu mezi 12 ari imbere, ababajijwe muri rusange bibanda ku gutanga ibidukikije bitangiza ibidukikije kandi bizigama ingufu (52%), ibicuruzwa bisubirwamo (45%) n'ibicuruzwa ukoresheje ibikoresho bibisi birambye. (44%). Ababajijwe muri Amerika no mu Budage birashoboka cyane ko bayobora imyitwarire y’abaguzi batanga uburyo bwo guha abakiriya ibicuruzwa na serivisi bibisi.
Byongeye kandi, imbaraga z’Ubushinwa mu bijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga nazo zemewe n’amasosiyete yo mu mahanga. Nk’uko iyi raporo ibigaragaza, kimwe cya gatatu cy’ibigo byakoreweho ubushakashatsi bemeza ko Ubushinwa buza ku isonga mu bucuruzi bwa e-bucuruzi, kandi umubare nk'uwo ukaba wemeza ko Ubushinwa buza ku isonga mu buhanga bw’ubukorikori no kwiga imashini, ndetse no kwishyura hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga.
Ingano y’isoko ry’Ubushinwa nayo ituma iba isoko ryiza ku masosiyete menshi yo mu mahanga kwiteza imbere no kugerageza ikoranabuhanga n’ibicuruzwa bishya, aho hafi bane kuri 10 (39%) by’amasosiyete yo mu mahanga babajijwe bavuga ko bahisemo Ubushinwa nk'ahantu ho gushakira ibicuruzwa bishya kubera ubunini bunini bwisoko ryubushinwa nibishoboka byo kwamamaza binini. Byongeye kandi, ibigo birenga umunani kuri icumi (88 ku ijana) byakoreweho ubushakashatsi bavuze ko ubukungu bw’Ubushinwa bugenda butera imbere bwabafunguye amahirwe mashya mu bucuruzi.