Ibiro bishinzwe amakuru mu Nama ya Leta byateguye inama isanzwe ya Njyanama ya Leta ku ya 23 Mata 2023 kugira ngo isobanurire abanyamakuru ibijyanye no gukomeza imiterere ihamye kandi yuzuye y’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga no gusubiza ibibazo. Reka turebe -
Q1
Ikibazo: Ni izihe ngamba nyamukuru za politiki zo gukomeza igipimo gihamye kandi cyuzuye cy’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga?
A:
Ku ya 7 Mata, inama nyobozi y’Inama y’igihugu yize kuri politiki n’ingamba zo guteza imbere urwego ruhamye n’imiterere y’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga. Iyi politiki igabanyijemo ibice bibiri: icya mbere, guhuza igipimo, naho icya kabiri, kunoza imiterere.
Mu rwego rwo guhuza igipimo, hari ibintu bitatu.
Imwe ni ukugerageza gushiraho amahirwe yubucuruzi. Muri byo harimo gusubukura cyane imurikagurisha rya interineti mu Bushinwa, kuzamura imikorere y’amakarita y’ubucuruzi y’ubucuruzi ya APEC, no guteza imbere ingendo mpuzamahanga zitwara abagenzi. Byongeye kandi, tuzasaba kandi ubutumwa bw’ububanyi n’amahanga mu mahanga kongera inkunga ku masosiyete y’ubucuruzi yo hanze. Tuzatanga kandi ingamba zihariye ku mabwiriza y’ubucuruzi yihariye y’igihugu, agamije kongera amahirwe y’ubucuruzi ku masosiyete.
Icya kabiri, tuzahindura ubucuruzi mubicuruzwa byingenzi. Bizafasha ibigo by’imodoka gushiraho no kunoza sisitemu ya serivise mpuzamahanga yo kwamamaza, kwemeza neza igishoro gikwiye ku mishinga minini y’ibikoresho byuzuye, kandi byihutishe kuvugurura urutonde rw’ikoranabuhanga n’ibicuruzwa bishishikarizwa gutumiza mu mahanga.
Icya gatatu, tuzahindura imishinga yubucuruzi bwo hanze. Urukurikirane rw'ingamba zihariye zirimo kwiga ishyirwaho ry'icyiciro cya kabiri cya serivisi Ikigega cyo guhanga udushya no guteza imbere ubucuruzi, gushishikariza amabanki n'ibigo by'ubwishingizi kwagura ubufatanye mu gutera inkunga politiki y'ubwishingizi no kuzamura inguzanyo, bikemura neza ibikenerwa na mikoro, ntoya n'iciriritse- ibigo binini byo gutera inkunga ubucuruzi bw’amahanga, no kwihutisha kwagura ubwishingizi bw’ubwishingizi mu nganda.
Mubice byuburyo bwiza, hariho ibintu bibiri.
Icya mbere, dukeneye kunoza uburyo bwubucuruzi. Twasabye kuyobora ihererekanyabubasha ry’ubucuruzi butunganyirizwa mu turere two hagati, iburengerazuba n’amajyaruguru y’amajyaruguru. Tuzavugurura kandi ingamba zo gucunga ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka, kandi dushyigikire iterambere ry’akarere ka Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay nk'akarere kayobora inzira y’ubucuruzi ku isi. Turayobora kandi ingereko z’ubucuruzi n’amashyirahamwe bijyanye n’ibijyanye no kurengera ibidukikije bibisi, gushyiraho ibipimo ngenderwaho by’icyatsi na karuboni nkeya ku bicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe by’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga, kandi tunayobora ibigo gukoresha neza imipaka y’ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga bijyanye na politiki y’imisoro.
Icya kabiri, tuzamura ibidukikije biteza imbere ubucuruzi bwububanyi n’amahanga. Tuzakoresha neza sisitemu yo kuburira hakiri kare hamwe na serivisi ishinzwe amategeko, dutezimbere iterambere ry "idirishya rimwe", turusheho korohereza gutunganya imisoro ku bicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, kunoza imikorere y’imisoro ku bicuruzwa ku byambu, no gushyira mu bikorwa amasezerano y’ubucuruzi ku buntu. bimaze gukurikizwa bifite ireme ryiza. Tuzatangaza kandi umurongo ngenderwaho mugukoresha inganda zingenzi.
Q2
Ikibazo: Nigute twafasha ibigo guhagarika ibicuruzwa no kwagura isoko?
A:
Ubwa mbere, dukwiye gukora imurikagurisha rya Canton hamwe nuruhererekane rwandi murikagurisha.
Imurikagurisha rya 133 rya Canton Fair kumurongo rirakomeje, none icyiciro cya kabiri cyatangiye. Mu gihembwe cya mbere cy'uyu mwaka, Minisiteri y'Ubucuruzi yashyize ahagaragara cyangwa yemeza imurikagurisha 186 ry'ubwoko butandukanye. Tugomba gufasha ibigo guhuza hamwe.
Icya kabiri, koroshya imikoranire yubucuruzi.
Kugeza ubu, igipimo cyo kugarura ingendo mpuzamahanga mu bihugu by’amahanga kigeze hafi 30 ku ijana ugereranije n’urwego rwabanjirije icyorezo, kandi turacyakora cyane kugira ngo dukoreshe neza izo ndege.
Minisiteri y’ububanyi n’amahanga n’izindi nzego bireba zirasaba ibihugu bireba koroshya gusaba viza ku masosiyete y’Abashinwa, kandi tunorohereza gusaba viza ku masosiyete y’amahanga mu Bushinwa.
By'umwihariko, dushyigikiye ikarita yubucuruzi ya APEC nkuburyo bwa viza. Ikarita ya viza isanzwe izemerwa ku ya 1 Gicurasi. Muri icyo gihe, amashami y’imbere mu gihugu arakomeza kwiga no kunoza ingamba zo gutahura kure kugira ngo yorohereze ubucuruzi mu Bushinwa.
Icya gatatu, dukeneye kunoza udushya twubucuruzi. By'umwihariko, e-ubucuruzi bukwiye kuvugwa.
Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi yiteguye guteza imbere byimazeyo kubaka uturere tw’icyitegererezo tw’ubucuruzi bw’imipaka yambukiranya imipaka, kandi tugakora amahugurwa y’ibirango, amategeko n’ubwubatsi, ndetse n’iterambere ryiza ry’ububiko bw’amahanga. Turateganya kandi gukora inama ku rubuga mu karere k’icyitegererezo cya e-ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka kugira ngo duteze imbere imikorere myiza y’ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka.
Icya kane, tuzatera inkunga ibigo mugushakisha amasoko atandukanye.
Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi izatanga umurongo ngenderwaho w’ubucuruzi mu gihugu, kandi buri gihugu kizashyiraho umurongo ngenderwaho mu guteza imbere ubucuruzi ku masoko akomeye. Tuzakoresha kandi uburyo bw'itsinda ry'imirimo ku bucuruzi butabujijwe muri gahunda ya Belt and Road Initiative yashyizweho n'ibihugu byinshi kugira ngo dufashe gukemura ibibazo amasosiyete y'Abashinwa ahura nabyo mu gucukumbura amasoko mu bihugu bikikije Umuhanda n'umuhanda no kongera amahirwe kuri bo.
Q3
Ikibazo: Nigute inkunga ishobora gushyigikira iterambere rihamye ryubucuruzi bwamahanga?
A:
Icya mbere, twafashe ingamba zo kugabanya ikiguzi cyo gutera inkunga ubukungu nyabwo. Mu 2022, igipimo cy’inyungu kiremereye ku nguzanyo z’amasosiyete cyamanutseho amanota 34 y’umwaka ku mwaka kigera kuri 4.17 ku ijana, urwego rwo hasi mu mateka.
Icya kabiri, tuzayobora ibigo byimari kongera inkunga kubucuruzi buciriritse, buciriritse n’abikorera ku giti cyabo. Mu mpera z'umwaka wa 2022, inguzanyo zidasanzwe na mikoro ya Pratt & Whitney yiyongereyeho 24 ku ijana umwaka ushize igera kuri tiriyari 24.
Icya gatatu, iyobora ibigo by'imari gutanga serivisi zo gucunga ingaruka z’ivunjisha ku bucuruzi bw’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga, kandi ikuraho amafaranga y’ivunjisha ajyanye na serivisi za banki ku bigo bito, bito n'ibiciriritse. Umwaka ushize wose, igipimo cyo gukumira imishinga cyiyongereyeho 2,4 ku ijana kuva mu mwaka ushize kigera kuri 24%, kandi ubushobozi bw’ibigo bito, bito n'ibiciriritse birinda ihindagurika ry’ivunjisha byarushijeho kunozwa.
Icya kane, uburyo bwo gutuza amafaranga y’ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka bwakomeje kunozwa hagamijwe kunoza ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka. Umwaka ushize wose, ibicuruzwa byambukiranya imipaka byambukiranya imipaka ibicuruzwa byiyongereyeho 37 ku ijana umwaka ushize, bingana na 19 ku ijana byose hamwe, amanota 2,2 ku ijana ugereranyije n'iya 2021.
Q4
Ikibazo: Ni izihe ngamba nshya zizafatwa mu rwego rwo guteza imbere iterambere ry’ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka?
A:
Icya mbere, dukeneye guteza imbere imipaka yubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka + umukanda winganda. Dushingiye ku turere 165 tw’icyitegererezo cy’ubucuruzi bwa e-ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka mu gihugu cyacu no guhuza impano z’inganda n’inyungu z’akarere z’uturere dutandukanye, tuzateza imbere ibicuruzwa byihariye by’ibanze byinjira ku isoko mpuzamahanga neza. Nukuvuga ko, mugihe dukora akazi keza mubucuruzi bwa B2C duhura n’abaguzi, tuzashyigikira kandi cyane imishinga gakondo y’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga mu kwagura inzira zo kugurisha, guhinga ibicuruzwa no kwagura ubucuruzi binyuze mu bucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka. By'umwihariko, tuzagura ubucuruzi bwa B2B n'ubushobozi bwa serivisi ku mishinga.
Icya kabiri, dukeneye kubaka urubuga rwuzuye rwa interineti. Mu myaka yashize, uturere twose tw’icyitegererezo duteza imbere cyane iyubakwa rya serivise zihuriweho na interineti. Kugeza ubu, izi mbuga zimaze gukorera imishinga irenga 60.000 y’ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka ku mipaka, hafi 60 ku ijana by’imishinga y’ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka mu gihugu.
Icya gatatu, kunoza isuzuma nisuzuma kugirango uteze imbere kandi utere imbaraga. Tuzakomeza guhuza ibintu bishya biranga imipaka y’ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka, tunoze kandi duhindure ibipimo ngenderwaho. Binyuze mu isuzuma, tuzayobora ahantu h’icyitegererezo hagamijwe kunoza ibidukikije byiterambere, kuzamura urwego rwo guhanga udushya, no kwihutisha ubuhinzi bwibigo byinshi byingenzi.
Icya kane, kuyobora kuyobora imiyoborere, gukumira no kugenzura ingaruka. Tuzafatanya cyane n’ibiro bya Leta bishinzwe umutungo bwite mu by'ubwenge kwihutisha itangwa ry’amabwiriza yo kurinda IPR y’ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka y’ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka, kandi dufashe imishinga y’ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka kumva imiterere ya IPR ku masoko yagenewe no gukora umukoro wabo mbere.
Q5
Ikibazo: Ni izihe ntambwe zizakurikiraho zo guteza imbere umutekano no guteza imbere ubucuruzi butunganya?
A:
Icya mbere, tuzateza imbere gahoro gahoro ubucuruzi bwo gutunganya.
Tuzakora akazi keza mugutezimbere ubucuruzi butunganya, gushimangira inkunga ya politiki, no kunoza uburyo bwa docking. Tujya imbere, tuzakomeza gushyigikira ihererekanyabubasha ry’ubucuruzi butunganyirizwa mu turere two hagati, iburengerazuba n’amajyaruguru y’amajyaruguru dushingiye kubyo tumaze gukora. Tuzateza imbere ihererekanyabubasha, guhindura no kuzamura ubucuruzi bwo gutunganya.
Icya kabiri, tuzateza imbere iterambere ryuburyo bushya bwo gutunganya ibicuruzwa nko kubungabunga ibicuruzwa.
Icya gatatu, kugirango dushyigikire ubucuruzi butunganya, dukwiye gukomeza gutanga uruhare runini mubikorwa byingenzi byo gutunganya intara zubucuruzi.
Tuzakomeza gutanga uruhare runini mu ruhare rw’intara z’ubucuruzi zitunganya ibicuruzwa, dushishikarize kandi dushyigikire inzego z’ibanze kurushaho gushimangira serivisi z’inganda zikomeye z’ubucuruzi zitunganya ibicuruzwa, cyane cyane mu bijyanye n’ikoreshwa ry’ingufu, umurimo n’inguzanyo, tunabaha ingwate. .
Icya kane, urebye ingorane zifatika zihura nazo mu bucuruzi bwo gutunganya, Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi iziga ku gihe kandi itange politiki yihariye.
Q6
Ikibazo: Ni izihe ngamba zizafatwa mu ntambwe ikurikira kugira ngo turusheho gukoresha neza uruhare rwiza rutumizwa mu mahanga mu gukomeza igipimo gihamye kandi cyuzuye cy’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga?
A:
Icya mbere, dukeneye kwagura isoko ritumizwa mu mahanga.
Uyu mwaka, twashyizeho ibiciro by'agateganyo bitumizwa mu mahanga ku bicuruzwa 1.020. Ibyo bita ibiciro by'agateganyo bitumizwa mu mahanga biri munsi y'ibiciro twasezeranije WTO. Kugeza ubu, impuzandengo y’ibiciro by’ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu Bushinwa bigera kuri 7%, mu gihe impuzandengo y’ibiciro by’ibihugu biri mu nzira y'amajyambere ukurikije imibare ya WTO iri hafi 10%. Ibi birerekana ubushake bwacu bwo kwagura uburyo bwo kugera kumasoko yatumijwe hanze. Twasinyanye amasezerano 19 yubucuruzi ku buntu n’ibihugu 26 n’uturere. Amasezerano y’ubucuruzi ku buntu yaba asobanura ko amahoro ku bicuruzwa byinshi bitumizwa mu mahanga yagabanuka kugeza kuri zeru, ibyo bikaba byafasha no kwagura ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga. Tuzagira kandi uruhare runini mu bucuruzi bw’ibicuruzwa byinjira mu bucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka kugira ngo ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga bihamye kandi byongere ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga n’ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga, ibikomoka ku buhinzi n’ibicuruzwa by’Ubushinwa bikeneye.
Icy'ingenzi cyane, dushyigikiye kwinjiza ikoranabuhanga ryateye imbere, ibikoresho byingenzi nibice byingenzi nibigize kugirango duteze imbere ihinduka nogutezimbere imiterere yinganda zimbere mu gihugu.
Icya kabiri, tanga umwanya wo kwerekana ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga.
Ku ya 15 Mata, Minisiteri y’Imari, Ubuyobozi bukuru bwa gasutamo n’ubuyobozi bwa Leta bw’imisoro basohoye politiki yo gusonera imisoro yatumijwe mu mahanga, umusoro ku nyongeragaciro n’umusoro ku byaguzwe ku bicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga byagurishijwe mu gihe cy’imurikagurisha ry’Ubucuruzi bw’ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga n’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga; uyu mwaka, uzabafasha kuzana ibicuruzwa mu Bushinwa kugira ngo berekane kandi bigurishwe. Ubu hari imurikagurisha 13 mugihugu cyacu ryishimira iyi politiki, ifasha kwagura ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga.
Icya gatatu, tuzateza imbere ibicuruzwa byerekana ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga.
Igihugu cyashyizeho uturere 43 twerekana ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga, 29 muri byo byashyizweho umwaka ushize. Kuri utwo turere twerekana ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga, hashyizweho udushya muri politiki muri buri karere, nko kwagura ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga, gushyiraho ibigo by’ubucuruzi by’ibicuruzwa, no guteza imbere guhuza ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga n’ibikoreshwa mu gihugu hamwe n’inganda zo mu gihugu imbere.
Icya kane, tuzanoza uburyo bworoshye bwo gutumiza mu mahanga.
Hamwe na gasutamo, Minisiteri y’Ubucuruzi izateza imbere kwagura ibikorwa bya serivisi “idirishya rimwe”, guteza imbere ubucuruzi bwimbitse kandi bukomeye, guteza imbere imyigire hagati y’ibyambu bitumizwa mu mahanga, kurushaho kunoza imikorere y’ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga, kugabanya umutwaro ku mishinga, no gutuma urwego rw’inganda n’inganda zitanga isoko byizewe kandi neza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-24-2023