AMS.
Dukurikije amabwiriza yatanzwe na gasutamo y’Amerika, ibicuruzwa byose byoherezwa muri Amerika cyangwa byanyujijwe muri Amerika mu kindi gihugu bigomba kumenyeshwa gasutamo ya Amerika amasaha 24 mbere yo koherezwa.Saba uwatumbereye hafi yohereza ibicuruzwa hanze kohereza amakuru ya AMS.AMS amakuru yoherejwe mububiko bwa gasutamo ya Amerika binyuze muri sisitemu yagenwe na gasutamo ya Amerika.Sisitemu ya gasutamo yo muri Amerika izahita igenzura kandi isubize.Iyo wohereje amakuru ya AMS, amakuru arambuye yibicuruzwa agomba gushyikirizwa kahise, harimo umubare wibiro biremereye ku cyambu ujyamo, izina ryibicuruzwa, nimero yimanza yabatwaye, uwatumiwe nuwabitumije ( ntabwo ari FORWARDER) numero ya code ihuye.Gusa nyuma yuko uruhande rwabanyamerika rwemeye rushobora ubwato.Niba hari HB / L, kopi zombi zigomba koherezwa kuri …….Bitabaye ibyo, imizigo ntizemewe mu bwato.
Inkomoko ya AMS: Nyuma y’ibitero by’iterabwoba byo ku ya 11 Nzeri 2002, gasutamo n’umutekano mu gihugu cya Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika byanditse iri tegeko rishya rya gasutamo ku ya 31 Ukwakira 2002, ritangira gukurikizwa ku ya 2 Ukuboza 2002, mu gihe cy’iminsi 60 ( nta buryozwacyaha bwo kutubahiriza uburiganya mugihe cya buffer).
Ninde ugomba kohereza amakuru ya AMS?Ukurikije amabwiriza ya gasutamo yo muri Amerika, uwatumije hafi yohereza ibicuruzwa hanze (NVOCC) asabwa kohereza amakuru ya AMS.NOVCC yohereza AMS igomba kubanza kubona impamyabumenyi ya NVOCC muri US FMC.Muri icyo gihe, birakenewe gusaba SCAC yihariye (Standard Carrier Alpha Code) mu Ishyirahamwe ry’igihugu gishinzwe gutwara abantu n'ibintu (NMFTA) muri Amerika kohereza amakuru ajyanye na gasutamo yo muri Amerika.Mu gihe cyo kohereza, NVOCC igomba kumva neza kandi neza neza amabwiriza ajyanye na gasutamo y’Amerika, kandi igakurikiza byimazeyo amategeko abigenga, bishobora gutuma gutinda kwa gasutamo cyangwa gucibwa amande na gasutamo ya Amerika.
Iminsi ingahe mbere yo kohereza ibikoresho bya AMS?Kuberako AMS nayo yitwa amasaha 24 yerekana iteganyagihe, nkuko izina ribivuga, manifeste igomba koherezwa amasaha 24 mbere.Amasaha 24 ntabwo ashingiye ku gihe cyo kugenda, ariko agomba gusabwa kubona inyemezabwishyu yagarutse kuri gasutamo ya Amerika amasaha 24 mbere yuko agasanduku kapakirwa mu bwato (umutwara ibicuruzwa abona OK / 1Y, isosiyete itwara ibicuruzwa cyangwa icyambu ibona 69 ).Nta gihe cyihariye cyo kohereza mbere, kandi vuba yoherejwe, niko koherezwa vuba.Ntabwo bimaze kutabona inyemezabwishyu ikwiye.
Mubikorwa, isosiyete itwara ibicuruzwa cyangwa NVOCC izasaba amakuru ya AMS gutangwa hakiri kare (isosiyete itwara ibicuruzwa isanzwe ihagarika ibicuruzwa iminsi itatu cyangwa ine mbere), mugihe ibyohereza ibicuruzwa hanze bidashobora gutanga amakuru mbere yiminsi itatu cyangwa ine, bityo rero ni imanza isosiyete itwara ibicuruzwa na NOVCC bazasabwa guhindura amakuru ya AMS nyuma yo guhagarika.Ni iki gisabwa mu mwirondoro wa AMS?
AMS yuzuye irimo Inzu ya BL, Umubare wabatwara BL Oya, Izina ryabatwara, Ubwato, Umukiriya, Menyesha ibirori, aho yakiriye na Vessel / Urugendo, icyambu cyo gupakira, icyambu cyoherejwe, Icyerekezo, nimero ya kontineri, nimero ya kashe, Ingano / Ubwoko , Oya.
Amakuru nyayo yatumiza kandi yohereza ibicuruzwa hanze ntashobora gutangwa?
Ntabwo dukurikije gasutamo ya Amerika.Byongeye kandi, gasutamo igenzura amakuru ya CNEE cyane.Niba hari ikibazo na CNEE, USD1000-5000 igomba kubanza gutegurwa.Amasosiyete atwara ibicuruzwa akunze gusaba NVOCC gushyira terefone, fax cyangwa se umuntu wavugana nuwatumije nuhereza ibicuruzwa hanze mumakuru ya AMS kugirango atange, nubwo amabwiriza ya gasutamo yo muri Amerika adakeneye gutanga terefone, fax cyangwa umuntu wavugana, akeneye gusa izina ryisosiyete, aderesi yukuri na ZIP CODE, nibindi. Ariko, amakuru arambuye yasabwe nisosiyete itwara ibicuruzwa afasha gasutamo ya Amerika kuvugana na CNEE muburyo butaziguye no gusaba amakuru asabwa.Bizagenda bite amakuru ya AMS yoherejwe muri Amerika?AMS amakuru yoherejwe mububiko bwa gasutamo ukoresheje sisitemu yagenwe na gasutamo ya Amerika, kandi sisitemu ya gasutamo yo muri Amerika ihita igenzura kandi igasubiza.Mubisanzwe, ibisubizo bizaboneka nyuma yiminota 5-10 nyuma yo kohereza.Igihe cyose amakuru ya AMS yoherejwe yuzuye, ibisubizo bya "OK" bizahita biboneka.Iyi "OK" bivuze ko ntakibazo cyo kohereza AMS kwinjira mubwato.Niba nta “OK”, ubwato ntibushobora kujyamo.Ku ya 6 Ukuboza 2003, gasutamo yo muri Amerika yatangiye gusaba BILI YIHARIYE, ni ukuvuga guhuza MASTER BILL yatanzwe na sosiyete itwara ibicuruzwa hamwe na MASTER BILL OYA muri AMS.Niba iyo mibare yombi idahuye, ibisubizo bya "1Y" bizaboneka, kandi AMS ntakibazo izagira mugutanga gasutamo.Iyi "1Y" ikeneye kuboneka gusa mbere yuko ubwato bukora icyambu muri Amerika.
Akamaro ka AMS kuva ishyirwa mubikorwa ryamasaha ya AMS24, hamwe no gutangiza nyuma yumutekano wunganirwa na ISF.Bituma ibicuruzwa bitumizwa muri Amerika neza kandi bisukuye, amakuru yuzuye, byoroshye gukurikirana no kubaza.Ntabwo itezimbere umutekano wigihugu gusa, ahubwo inagabanya cyane ibyago byibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga kandi bizamura imikorere yimisoro.
Twebwe gasutamo irashobora kuvugurura ibisabwa hamwe na AMS buri gihe, kandi nyamuneka reba ibyasohotse muri gasutamo ya Amerika iheruka kubisobanuro birambuye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-05-2023